Human Nutrition in the Developing Country of Guyana

Topic homo Nutrition in the evolution Country of Guyana * Introduction * According to the unite Nation and the international Monetary Fund, countries are categorize according to their socio-economic sic with obligingness to their Gross Domestic Product (GDP), income per capita, living expectancy and the well-being of the natives. These factors are compared to all the countries all over the world. Countries with a low take aim of material wellbeing are considered growing or underdeveloped. According to the gentleman Developing Index, approximately 85. % of the worlds population lives in maturation countries making this issue of Health and Nutrition in this global fellowship a major(ip) and pressing issue. Economically, more of these countries tailnot establish changeless replete economies due to the news opus of imperialism and colonization that ca single-valued functiond a disruption in the growth of these countries. Because of the lack of funds to cultivate the r aw materials, these countries cannot establish successful and stable systems to produce food to feed their populations or tied(p) hospitals to cure umpteen of the diseases and dis dresss created as a result of mal fodder. For this study, focus will be situate to a village that is located in Guyana, south-central * America. This is the native region of my parents, and I was fortunate to make several visits to this localization principle, the close recent of which was drop dead summer, so I am familiar with the lifestyle practices of the inhabitants not only when from a first hand basis, merely overly from the inherited practices that were passed bring to my family through my parents. * Brief History of Imperialism and Development as a Developing Country Guyana is located on the northern intercept of the continent of South America, and the location of this case study is also on the northern tip that referred to as the coastal plain. Guyana recieved its name from the Nativ e Indian tribe called the Amerindians, and it elbow room Land of Many pees because of the many rivers and streams that are found in the country. The country is also near to the equator, so it has a tropical climate for most of the year, with only tow seasons, the wet season and the ironical season.The occasion season is normally rainy and occurs between October to May and the latter which is normally dry and hot (temperature ranging from the early 80 degrees to 100 on humid days) from June through September. * Guyana is also below sea level, and ilk many of the other(a) countries in the region was subjected to colonial expansion, so it changed Imperial governments between the British, Dutch and Spanish for a brief period.The Dutch and English had longer influences, with the English finally securing dominance for the last and longest period in the history of the country. So, due to the many rivers and the fact that that the country is susceptible to flooding, when it was occ upied by the Dutch large systems of sluices, dams and sea walls were constructed to prevent excessive flooding, but the sizeable silt deposits from the river made the coastal plain juicy for agricultural initiatives, so the main produce from Guyana wipe out always been peag from the cane plants and rice. * The dust of Self Sufficiency in Union colonization, Guyana, SA Introduction * Since Union Village is located on the coastal plain of the Corentyne River, the land is also fertile and it is one of the many farming communities along that plain. Some of the villagers fix experience wealthy rice farmers as they own large p conducts of rice lands, but the majority of battalion are self sufficient by regulate kitchen gardens to supplement the staple rice diet with ground provisions, harvest-homes and vegetables. Those villagers also airlift descent of chickens, ducks, turkeys, pigs, sheep, goats and cattle. Some of the rice farmers also rear fish farms.They use the bodge from the rice covering/ shell to feed the fish, and their livestock. The milk comes from the cows and goats eggs come from the chicken and ducks and meat come from all livestock and fish. Since fish is in most abundance and is therefore the cheapest, fish is usually the protein of choice for the diet. * The System of Self Sufficiency in Union Village, Guyana, SA environmental Perspective * environmentally, the living habits of these villagers generate positive light speed footprint because of their waste management and recycling habits, long before the awareness was created at the multinational level.They were engaged in those activities out of necessity, but it paid off actually well for the biotic community and ensured sustainability for them. By planting seasonal crops, they learned to diffuse the crops they plant and maintain the fertility of the soil by natural eco-balancing. They also use even the waste produced by the cows, especially as fertilizer, so helped by the rai n and sunshine, the land stays lush and green. The dogs eat leftovers from the family meals, so they do not incur additional expenditure of having to buy identify dog food and the livestock eat the waste products of the plants such as the rice and corn. Because a majority of the food in Guyana is produced locally and sell in large market places their carbon footprint is significantly dishonor than a majority of other countries that rely on outside imports of food. check the importation of food and exportation of goods decreases carbon emissions in transportation like large jets, freight planes and other large automobiles that emit pollution in the air. However, during the 21st century Guyana has begun to follow the growing trend of increasing its pastime in the global community through the exportation of minerals like bills and Bauxite.In addition to the few food products that Guyana is historically known for since imperialism chou and raw materials. * Because Guyana is increa sing its involvement in the global community exports as well as few imports have increase due to sanctions from the International Monetary Funds involvement in the project of develop small countries like Guyana industrially and economically. As shown in the graphs below, Guyanas carbon emissions have increased significantly since the 1950s especially at the binge of the 21st century when the United Nations introduced their initiatives to better developing countries. * represent 1a. (http//rainforests. mongabay. com/carbon-emissions/guyana. hypertext markup language) * * graph 1b. (http//rainforests. mongabay. com/carbon-emissions/guyana. html) * * The System of Self Sufficiency in Union Village, Guyana, SA Socio-Economic * As a result, from the socio-economic perspective, based on their life styles, the villagers eating habits may not be sufficient enough to ensure proper nutrition because their foods are not imported they have to rely on the fickle patterns of nature in order t o yield a good harvest and raise honorable livestock.Guyanas prevail correlates with their socio-economic standing and the problem of malnutrition. * With many floods, monsoon type weather and the rainforest atmosphere, villagers rely heavily on the weather that develops a specially unbalanced eating regiment. From a social perspective, meats like chicken, cows and other animals are only cooked on special holidays and large festivals while on a regular basis, rice is the main staple for many necessitous families. From rice and pepper to shine rice (rice and butter), these dishes will not satiate nutritionally.In most cases however, village people consume a lot of fresh fruit on a daily basis from their ain yards. While these foods are wellnessy, fresh and organic, with no addition of chemicals, artificial fertilizers or pesticides, the foods are eaten leisurely and not measured daily to ensure a balanced and accurate join of nutrition. With the lack of education on how to a right balance their diets with vegetables, proteins and even fruits, they eat leisurely and do not pretty balance their diets per day.While many industrialized and developed countries hold health classes that teach children from a young age to balance a fruit a day and a proper portion control. In actuality, although the foods in Guyana are fresher, the genetically altered or artificial products that are produced by developed countries guarantee a higher yield of foods to be distributed along with added vitamins and proteins that still ensure a sufficient amount of nutrition. Despite these set backs in education on diets, Guyana still produces a variety of foods that can suffice in feeding the people to ensure healthy nutrition (See Graph 3 Below). * Graph 3. (ftp//ftp. fao. org/es/esn/nutrition/ncp/guymap. pdf) * Also, owing to the location from the centralized city, they do not have quick access to forest medical facilities as the nearest medical center is approximately 25 miles from the village and the hospital is almost 40 miles away. As a result, they have non-traditional attitudes towards conventional medical practices such as screenings, for example, which are considered as deed and expected from an international stand-point. In addition, socially, since they are semi-rural, some of them do have access to technology and amenities such as electricity, radios and even a sprinkling of television, but that is not widespread. Therefore, Internet and computer access or in many cases, even access to a telephone is not widespread. This is a blessing in disguise because economically it saves both the people and the government money and most of all saves the environment from utilization of so much electricity. Even for cooking, they use outdoor brick ovens that are fuelled by dry brushes and wood or coal collected from forest fore remnants. Resulting Issues from the Environmental and Socio-economic Factors * As aforementioned in the introduction of the topic, countries are still categorized according to their socio-economic position with respect to their Gross Domestic Product (GDP), income per capita, life expectancy and the wellbeing of the natives. These factors are compared to all the countries all over the world. The wealth of countries are categorized according to their abilities to export and their level of industrialization. * According to the human race Developing Index, approximately 85. % of the worlds population lives in developing countries making this issue of Health and Nutrition in this global community a major and pressing issue. Economically, many of these countries are not sure-footed of establishing stable enough economies due to the history of imperialism and colonization that contributed to their dependency on foreign aid as well as their economic destabilization. collectible to the absence of capital to process the raw materials such as bauxite, in the case of Guyana to produce aluminum, dependency is on ALCAN i n Canada and Reynolds in the regular army to purchase that raw material.The same case is with the excess rice and sugar produced, so the local economic system is incapable of sustaining quality hospitals and health care services that could address disease prevention and cure and even some kinds of malnutrition. * When examined environmentally, in an denomination in the Health and Wellness magazine publisher discussing underdeveloped countries, Dr. Majid Ezzati from Harvard School of Public Health points to the lack of clean urine and sanitation as the major problem causing the malnutrition.Potable water is a problem in many of the Guyanese communities, as many people still cannot afford indoor plumbing. Furthermore in an article from the Royal Society of Medicine gouge on Experimental biology and Medicine the article deals with the problem of nutrition and infectious disease in these developing countries and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The institute states, Infecti ous diseases are the major causes of death and morbidness in underdeveloped countries, particularly in children which is caused by malnutrition. * One major effect of malnutrition is an increase in child mortality rate.As seen in the graph below * One Step forward in Industrialization, two Steps back in Sustainability * Because of the new push towards development, many supermarkets and securities industry stores are replacing the marketplace and the tiny food shops in Guyana. As shown in the chart below Guyanas carbon emissions have increased significantly since the 1950s. This increase is largely due to the development of supermarkets and the importation of touch on goods from United States companies that have specific relations with the Guyanese government.In order to ensure that Guyana returns to its more sustainable systems, the country should create better programs to arise its people on eating well balanced meals to avoid malnutrition with respect to the three major forms of malnutrition in Guyana as recorded by the provender and Agriculture Organization are Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), anemia, and overweight/obesity are the most common nutrition-related disorders. As seen in Graph 4, Guyana produces a large amount of varying foods and products that can adequately resolve its problems of malnutrition.YEAR Carbon emissions Per capita emissions 1950 71 0. 17 1951 78 0. 18 1952 92 0. 21 1953 123 0. 27 1954 129 0. 27 1955 141 0. 29 1956 150 0. 3 1957 146 0. 28 1958 125 0. 23 1959 151 0. 27 1960 180 0. 32 1961 201 0. 34 1962 185 0. 31 1963 168 0. 27 1964 177 0. 28 1965 294 0. 46 1966 322 0. 49 1967 361 0. 54 1968 363 0. 53 1969 373 0. 53 1970 431 0. 61 1971 409 0. 57 1972 426 0. 59 1973 492 0. 68 1974 424 0. 58 1975 498 0. 68 1976 478 0. 65 1977 518 0. 7 978 561 0. 75 1979 415 0. 55 1980 488 0. 64 1981 491 0. 65 1982 383 0. 51 1983 340 0. 45 1984 383 0. 51 1985 387 0. 51 1986 285 0. 38 1987 357 0. 48 1988 383 0. 52 1989 326 0. 44 1990 311 0. 42 199 1 306 0. 42 1992 287 0. 4 1993 288 0. 39 1994 364 0. 49 1995 404 0. 53 1996 417 0. 54 1997 437 0. 56 1998 451 0. 58 1999 450 0. 58 2000 431 0. 58 2001 414 0. 56 2002 422 0. 56 2003 409 0. 54 2004 394 0. 52 2005 407 0. 54 * Table 1. (http//rainforests. mongabay. om/carbon-emissions/guyana. html) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Graph 4. (ftp//ftp. fao. org/es/esn/nutrition/ncp/guymap. pdf) * * * * * * * * * References * Colchester. Marcus. (1997). Guyana, fragile frontier loggers, miners and forest peoples. Kingston, Jamaica Ian Randle Publishers pertly York, NY dispersion in North America by Monthly Review Press * Currie-McGhee. (c2009). Leanne Protecting ecosystems. Ann Arbor Cherry Lake Pub. * Grant, Nancy S. (2008) The pocket idiots guide to your carbon footprint.New York, NY Alpha Books. U. S. G. P. O. (1990-2002. Country reports on economic policy and trade practices report submitted to the citizens committee on Foreign Relations, Committee on Finance of the U. S. Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Committee on Ways and Means of the U. S. theatre of operations of Representatives by the Department of State in accordance with section 2202 of the Onmibus duty and Competitiveness Act of 1988. Washington U. S. G. P. O. , Congressional Printing Office http//rainforests. mongabay. com/carbon-emissions/guyana. html